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2015-08-0009

PT0514-4

08/24/15

10

PI5USB2544

USB Charging Port Controller and Detection Power Switch

Details Description

The following overview references various industry standards. It is always recommended to consult the most up-to-date

standard to ensure the most recent and accurate information. Rechargeable portable equipment requires an external power

source to charge its batteries. USB ports are a convenient location for charging because of an available 5V power source.

Universally accepted standards are required to make sure host and client-side devices operate together in a system to ensure

power management requirements are met. Traditionally, host ports following the USB 2.0 specification must provide at least

500mA to downstream client-side devices. Because multiple USB devices can be attached to a single USB port through a bus-

powered hub, it is the responsibility of the client-side device to negotiate its power allotment from the host to ensure the total

current draw does not exceed 500mA. In general, each USB device is granted 100mA and may request more current in 100mA

unit steps up to 500mA. The host may grant or deny based on the available current. A USB 3.0 host port not only provides

higher data rate than USB 2.0 port but also raises the unit load from 100mA to 150mA. It is also required to provide a minimum

current of 900mA to downstream client-side devices.

Additionally, the success of USB has made the mini-USB connector a popular choice for wall adapter cables. This allows a

portable device to charge from both a wall adapter and USB port with only one connector. As USB charging has gained

popularity, the 500mA minimum defined by USB 2.0 or 900mA for USB 3.0 has become insufficient for many handset and

personal media players which need a higher charging rate. Wall adapters can provide much more current than 500mA/900mA.

Several new standards have been introduced defining protocol handshaking methods that allow host and client devices to

acknowledge and draw additional current beyond the 500mA/900mA minimum defined by USB 2.0/3.0 while still using a

single micro-USB input connector. The PI5USB2544 supports four of the most common USB charging schemes found in

popular hand-held media and cellular devices:



USB Battery Charging Specification BC1.2



Chinese Telecommunications Industry Standard YD/T 1591-2009



Divider-1A and Divider-2A



DCP-1.2V Mode

YD/T 1591-2009 is a subset of BC1.2 spec. supported by vast majority of devices that implement USB charging.

Divider-1A, Divider-2A and DCP-1.2V charging schemes are supported in devices from specific yet popular device makers.

BC1.2 lists three different port types as listed below:



Standard Downstream Port (SDP)



Charging Downstream Port (CDP)



Dedicated Charging Port (DCP)

BC1.2 defines a charging port as a downstream facing USB port that provides power for charging portable equipment, under

this definition CDP and DCP are defined as charging ports

Table 1 shows the differences between these ports.

Table 1. Operation Modes

Port Type

Support USB 2.0 Communication

Max. allowable current draw by

portable device

SDP (USB 2.0)

Yes

0.5A

SDP (USB 3.0)

Yes

0.9A

CDP

Yes

1.5A

DCP

No

1.5A